Jersey (2004) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005) | |
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Administrative divisions | none (British crown dependency) | none (territory of Australia) |
Age structure | 0-14 years: 17.7% (male 8,268; female 7,716)
15-64 years: 67.1% (male 30,237; female 30,490) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 6,016; female 7,775) (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
Agriculture - products | potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts |
Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | 1 (2004 est.) |
Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
Area | total: 116 sq km
land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
Area - comparative | about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
Background | The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. |
Birth rate | 10.04 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA |
Budget | revenues: $601 million
expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA |
Capital | Saint Helier | West Island |
Climate | temperate; mild winters and cool summers | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year |
Coastline | 70 km | 26 km |
Constitution | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1953) |
Country name | conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
conventional short form: Jersey |
conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
Currency | British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound | - |
Death rate | 9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA |
Debt - external | none | - |
Dependency status | British crown dependency | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
Diplomatic representation from the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (territory of Australia) |
Diplomatic representation in the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (territory of Australia) |
Disputes - international | none | none |
Economic aid - recipient | none | NA |
Economy - overview | The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. |
Electricity - imports | NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France | - |
Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 143 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
Environment - current issues | NA | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs |
Ethnic groups | UK and Norman-French descent | Europeans, Cocos Malays |
Exchange rates | Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) |
Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995) cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
Exports | NA | NA |
Exports - commodities | light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles | copra |
Exports - partners | UK | Australia |
Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
Flag description | white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with the three lions of England in yellow | the flag of Australia is used |
GDP | purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.) | - |
GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 5%
industry: 2% services: 93% (1996) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.) | - |
GDP - real growth rate | NA | NA% |
Geographic coordinates | 49 15 N, 2 10 W | 12 30 S, 96 50 E |
Geography - note | largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
Highways | total: 577 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
total: 15 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
- |
Imports | NA | NA |
Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals | foodstuffs |
Imports - partners | UK | Australia |
Independence | none (British crown dependency) | none (territory of Australia) |
Industrial production growth rate | NA | - |
Industries | tourism, banking and finance, dairy | copra products and tourism |
Infant mortality rate | total: 5.33 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4.7% (1998) | - |
International organization participation | - | none |
Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
Judicial branch | Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court |
Labor force | 57,050 (1996) | NA |
Labor force - by occupation | - | the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others |
Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
Languages | English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts | Malay (Cocos dialect), English |
Legal system | English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws |
Legislative branch | unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators (elected for 6-year terms), 12 constables or heads of parishes (elected for 3-year terms), 29 deputies (elected for 3-year terms); the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch)
elections: last held NA (next to be held NA) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 52 |
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held NA |
Life expectancy at birth | total population: 79.09 years
male: 76.63 years female: 81.74 years (2004 est.) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
- |
Location | Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka |
Map references | Europe | Southeast Asia |
Maritime claims | territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force |
National holiday | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
Nationality | noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander |
noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
Natural hazards | NA | cyclone season is October to April |
Natural resources | arable land | fish |
Net migration rate | 2.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA |
Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | none |
Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
Population | 90,502 (July 2004 est.) | 628 (July 2005 est.) |
Population below poverty line | NA | - |
Population growth rate | 0.36% (2004 est.) | 0% (2005 est.) |
Ports and harbors | Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier | Port Refuge |
Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) |
Religions | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) |
Sex ratio | at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
- |
Suffrage | NA years of age; universal adult | NA |
Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 3 submarine cables |
general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: country code - 61-891; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002) |
Telephones - main lines in use | 73,900 (2001) | 287 (1992) |
Telephones - mobile cellular | 61,400 (2001) | note - analog cellular service available |
Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | NA |
Terrain | gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast | flat, low-lying coral atolls |
Total fertility rate | 1.57 children born/woman (2004 est.) | NA |
Unemployment rate | 0.7% (1998 est.) | 60% (2000 est.) |